trophic Energy Flow
food_web Gators prey other gators. Largemouth bass can eat gator. Wood storks prefer small fish in seasonal wetlands.
Bladderwort float; carnivorous bladders trap small animals like pitcher.
ecotone Mangrove prop roots: aerial stems; aeration when exposed.
Core species need deep, unfragmented habitat. FRAGMENT! Deer woodland(edges lower shrubs) & grassland; cowbirds; raccoons, and gray squirrels.
symbiosis Ibis active foraging; heron. Egrets. Follicle mites eyelashes. Weevils? Parasite: harm NOT kill; predator-prey ch12 BBC-LifeInTheUndergrowth/2.1_IntimateRelations/#00:45 Ants protect aphids from 7-spotted ladybeetle Ants protecting aphids from 7-spotted ladybeetle 0:45 - 2:00 Cowbird brood parasitism: as seen from nestcam BBC-LifeInTheUndergrowth/1.2_TakingToTheAir/#18:40 Cabbage White damage attracts parasitoid 22:10 grubs
BBC-LifeInTheUndergrowth/2.1_IntimateRelations/#11:30 QL362 .A88 Parasitoid wasp oviposits gall wasp larva; 44:10 Ichneumon Pearlfish and sea cucumber: a commensal relationship?
interaction Plant predators; sexual competition. Snail Kite raptor fly over open water: apple snails + crayfish; Limpkin wading.
keystone Mangroves, BEAVERS also keystone; vernal pools, bison wallows.
Limpkin & snail kites feed on snails but diff areas - resource partitioning
succession Pioneers r-selected; moss rhizoids; bring LICHEN - nitrogen fix (cyanobacteria). Succession in driveway. Lichen in old growth nitrogen.
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Wood Stork decline in Everglades, hunt in shallow muddy water by feel; need seasonal concentrated prey - indicator species.
Wetland removal. Everglades nutrient-poor, low in phosphorus, algal/cattail blooms. Mangrove are keystone.
2000 Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan: remove Tamiami Trail & replace with other.