biomass Compress: stalks (cellulose) dense volume - block sawdust & wood chips. But cannot use as liquid fuel.
Charcoal=anaerobic heating=carbon+ash, like coal. Biofuels Interactive (National Geographic)
bioethanol Brazil sugarcane; corrosive, rain­forests! Energy Returned On Investment only 1.5:1; need water to grow.
Any engine can run 10% ethanol, E-85 needs flex fuel engines, Brazil 100% engines. tortilla Mexico!
Poplar fast-growing monoculture, not habitats.
Palm oil - Indonesia, Malaysia
ethanol-cellulosic SWITCHGRASS lower YIELD! Toilet LIGNIN=alcohol COH. Ethanol=CH3CH2OH MOLYMOD.
Steaming increases surface area.
ethanol-grain CO₂: greenhouse, not efficient! Humans lactate.
biodiesel Soybeans, rapeseed (canola); burns cleaner than petrodiesel, can be used in normal diesel engines.
No engine conversion (diesel higher energy content; compressed air in cylinder, no spark plugs) Audi, BMW, MB.
waste-diesel Glycerin nontoxic, weak antifreeze (ethylene glycol); solvent, sweetener, thickener; pharmaceutical & personal care.
lihd Conservation Reserve Program: degraded soil
algae Algae to produce biofuel (CNN) Fuel cell vs. Li-ion: VHS/BetaMax; CompactFlash/SD/MS memory cards Elon Musk Calls Hydrogen Fuel Cell Cars 'Bullsh*' TP359.H8 H948 2005 Hydrogen Hopes Algae to produce hydrogen fuel 20:15-25:00 (Hydrogen Hopes)
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Biofuels for transportation.

Marcus, Iowa ethanol -> invest biodiesel truck stop.

Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve (MN) David Tilman grasslands resistant to drought; zero carbon debt from clearing grasslands for corn.